We use essential cookies to run the site and optional analytics cookies to understand how you use it. Read our privacy policy.

Skip to content

40 New Anniversary Oil Colours - Now Available Explore Collections

Michael Harding
All Pigments
Colour Index Code

PY216

Turner's Yellow

Chemistry
Lead chloride oxide (historic formulation)
Origin
Synthetic inorganic.
History
Patented 1781 by James Turner; a bright yellow of the early industrial era.
Toxicity
Toxic (lead) in historic form.

Turner's Yellow (PY216) is Lead chloride oxide (historic formulation). In our watercolour range it is semi-opaque, yes granulation, excellent lightfastness.

Transparency
Semi-Opaque
Granulation
YES
Staining
Medium
Lightfastness
Excellent
PY216: Questions & Answers

What is PY216?

PY216 (Turner's Yellow) is Lead chloride oxide (historic formulation). Synthetic inorganic..

What is the chemistry of PY216?

PY216 is Lead chloride oxide (historic formulation).

Is PY216 toxic?

Toxic (lead) in historic form.

Is PY216 lightfast?

In the Michael Harding range, colours using PY216 are rated excellent for lightfastness.

Is PY216 transparent or opaque?

PY216 is semi-opaque.

Does PY216 granulate?

In watercolour, PY216 is granulating.

Which Michael Harding colours use PY216?

PY216 appears in 2 Michael Harding colours: Turners Yellow, Turners Yellow.

Michael Harding colours using PY216

2 colours across both rangesLightfastness: Excellent
Michael Harding colours containing PY216, with medium, transparency, lightfastness and granulation. Granulation applies to watercolour only.
ColourMediumTransparencyLightfastnessGranulation
Turners Yellow
No. 235
OilOpaqueExcellent—
Turners Yellow
W216
WatercolourSemi-OpaqueExcellentYES
scroll for more →
Mix with

Complementary pigments to mix with PY216

Opposite-family pigments that pair cleanly with PY216 for neutrals, shadows and chromatic greys.

Open the Mixing Studio →

Product Information & Disclaimer

The information provided on this website is based on research and testing conducted by Michael Harding Art Formulas Ltd and is intended as general guidance on the characteristics and potential uses of our products in established painting practices.

While we take care to provide accurate and reliable information, individual materials, techniques, working conditions and applications can vary. Michael Harding Art Formulas Ltd cannot guarantee that any product will be suitable for every individual purpose or application. Users should carefully read all product labels, instructions and safety information and carry out appropriate testing before use, particularly when developing individual techniques or combining materials.

To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, Michael Harding Art Formulas Ltd makes no express or implied warranties as to merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and accepts no liability for any loss or damage, including indirect or consequential loss, arising from the use or application of its products.

Colour Representation

Colours displayed on this website and in printed materials are for guidance only. Their appearance may vary depending on screen settings, device, lighting conditions, printing processes and other factors, and may therefore differ from the appearance of the physical product.

For the most accurate representation of colour, texture and finish, we strongly recommend viewing a physical product sample or swatch in person before making a final selection or purchase. Where colour accuracy is important, please do not rely solely on digital or printed representations.

© 2026 Michael Harding Handmade Artist Oil Colours. All Rights Reserved.